Bryant entered Druid City Hospital in Tuscaloosa on January 25, 1983, after feeling chest discomfort. We had some guys behind us. He worked security at games, no longer inside the circle. Next fall, another great-grandson, Paul William Bryant Tyson, will be on Nick Saban's roster as a freshman quarterback. A houndstooth car is just the beginning. He laughs at himself when he recenters. The young people in the photo above waited at a tombstone, while those in the photo below watched television coverage of the funeral at Tuscaloosa. He was there with his daughter, Carlin Bryant Parker, who was obsessed with those carnival games. Lexington (Ky.) -- History -- 20th century. From 2000 to 2015, he was a member of the Board of Trustees of The University of Alabama System. They hoped that through him they might better understand the coach. Billy saw him weak and insecure. About how Billy left her alone a lot of the time, how he gave up his life like Bryant did and how Billy never got to enjoy his retirement, either. That's been scrubbed for posterity. Bryant's net worth is not public knowledge, but he has amassed enough wealth to donate tens of millions of dollars to the UA. ", As high school student Cameron Bryant Collier mingled with incoming Alabama freshman Bryant Edward Rich (as you've likely figured out, the reunion crowds skew very young), Leonard Bryant Jackson joked that he was going to yell out "Hey, Bryant!" The magazine quoted Bryant, who owned GreeneTrack in Greene County at the time, as saying that the dog track was frequented by low-class, welfare blacks.. Bryant. That's a no-no.". Bryant Jr.,today, is perhaps as close as we get to someone who seemingly fits the meaning of Churchill's quote: something or someone that is immensely puzzling to figure out or extraordinarily complex to fully understand, often relying on hyperbole and occasionally sarcasm to describe. Paul Bryant Jr., at this time 38 and an established businessman with concerns in real estate, agriculture and dog racing tracks as well as a new reinsurance company, which insures insurance. Paul Bryant Jr.'s bank is the tie that binds UA trustees. I remember all of them. The living room takes up the front of the house, with a television at one end and, on the wall, a poem about footsteps in the sand, which ends with God telling a follower: "The years when you have seen only one set of footprints, my child, is when I carried you.". He also was elected president of C&BA students. But while the younger Bryant never coached, he has used his personal fortune to support UA to the tune of millions of dollars in donations -- $20 million to the UA football program alone during his time as a trustee. Football The Birmingham News, By Steve Gates - Fans watch Bear Bryant's funeral procession from the Woodstock overpass on I-59. 1983 Press Photo Alabama-Fans watching T.V. "It's exactly like that," Hilburn added. Bryant asked whether there might be enough for him. Unnamed sources later said if Bryant had the votes he would kill the football program. Twenty-eight days later, on a Tuesday night, Billy's phone rang. Billy found a phone and called ahead, telling Susie to make her good cornbread. You get a job out there you would have made $50 more a month. Bryant's first high-profile public venture, joining the UA board of trustees, was controversial. "There was so much going on," he says. She laughs some, with only a little bitterness, about what was gained, what was spent and what remains. YouTubes privacy policy is available here and YouTubes terms of service is available here. Bryant has been married for 50 years to UA classmate Cherry Handley Hicks Bryant. Bryant was held accountable for the demise of UAB football because of a letter Gene Bartow . Kobe . Billy was Bear Bryant's driver, bodyguard and valet, one of the few remaining people who knew him as a human being. Roll Tide!" Paul William Bryant Jr. was born circa 1945. (AP Photo/Joe Holloway Jr.), Alabama coach Paul "Bear" Bryant's widow, Mary Harmon Bryant is helped out of the car at graveside in Birmingham, Ala., Jan. 28, 1983. They were traveling, and Billy said he needed to get home for supper. Tobacco industry -- Kentucky -- Lexington. Cities and towns -- Growth -- Kentucky -- Lexington. usie Varner answers the door. He saw him cry. Collectively, it saved 41,000 acres of battlefield land in over 120 states during Bryants board tenure. 1983 Press Photo Alabama-Fans climb tree to watch "Bear" Bryant's funeral. "No kidding, it's my daughter's first name, too!" Nobody ever has a plan. The 69-year-old Bryant died Wednesday of a heart attack. He's been on the board for 13 years or so. He spends a long minute staring at the remote control, trying to figure out how to turn up the volume. During these years, he served three successive terms as President Pro Tempore. As of 2015, seven trustees were executives or directors at Bryant Bank. When an assistant coach told him in 1970 that Vince Lombardi had died, Bryant spoke of regrets, and it shocked his friend. A half-hour or more has passed. Bryant did play high school basketball in Tuscaloosa, but in interviews he has said he was part of a great team and played only sparingly. B He's out having lunch and out doing business, so (to say he is a) recluse is maybe a little too strong, but he has certainly guarded his private life as well as anyone could with that name and with the things he has done.. I'd drive him. Community Rules apply to all content you upload or otherwise submit to this site. Tietosuojakytnnstmme ja evstekytnnstmme voit lukea lis siit, miten kytmme henkiltietojasi. He'd eaten some sausage, and it upset his stomach is all. Throughout his time on the board, he was a member of the Physical Properties Committee including nine years as chairman, during which more than 360 physical properties projects were completed with a total value exceeding $2 billion. #RollTide pic.twitter.com/C5wakg73d7. There is certainly regret in Bryant's choice of devotional. Given that fact, it was not a surprise that phone calls to his office were not returned. Bryant said that he never made the remarks and that the entire article was fabricated. They reached the end together, sitting in a 14th-floor suite of the Memphis Holiday Inn. He is a founder of the Civil War Trust in Washington D.C. and personally underwrote the merger with the Association for the Preservation of Civil War Sites that created the modern Civil War Trust. Alabama-Man mourns at Coach "Bear" Bryant's funeral site. I wasn't really seeking it, he said. Bryant announced last week that he was retiring after this game, which marks his 323rd victory. Coach Bear Bryant at the 1982 Liberty Bowl football game in Memphis, Tennessee. Billy told her not to worry about Coach. Bryant's image. To Bryant's right are his daughters Stella Gray and Anna Laurie. "I never did hear about him dying.". He only serves on one committee, but he does carry some influence with other board members. According to Social Security records, since 1959 there have been 1,403 Bryants born in Alabama -- so many that it piqued the curiosity of the Bear's original namesake, Paul William "Bear" Bryant Jr. After a lifetime of hearing "I was named for your daddy," it was Junior who approached the museum that honors his father with the idea of compiling a database of those whose names do the same. This year's reunion was the first to feature a carnival theme, complete with cotton candy, county-fair-style games and -- wait for it -- a teddy-bear-building station. "I said, 'Why would you name him after the greatest coach of all time when he could be named after the two greatest coaches of all time? One person who has known Bryant for years, but didn't want to be named here, said that Bryant is a man who guards his family's privacy. We thought we'd do that for the grandchildren and stuff, and there's some responsibility that goes with that, I guess.. Joe Namath - Bear Bryant Funeral. Twenty-four? "What is?" A decade ago, speaking of efforts by UAB to decrease its athletics department deficit, Bryant offered: "You can put any spin you want on it, but if you aren't selling tickets, the money isn't there.". Lexington (Ky.) -- Social life and customs. He was born in Birmingham while his father served in the U.S. Navy during World War II. Billy is asleep. There's even a song named that. Its descendant, the Morning Herald, was first published January 1, 1895 and became known as the Lexington Herald in 1905. I'm a pretty good risk-taker, I guess. All in the family: how three generations of Jaquezes have ruled West Coast basketball, Alonso says Aston 'living a dream,' eyes podium, LIVE Transfer Talk: Bayern still keen on Kane despite new Choupo-Moting contract, Top moments from Brady, Manning, Jordan and other athletes hosting 'Saturday Night Live'. Paul Bryant was the 11th of 12 children who were born to William Monroe and Ida Kilgore Bryant in Fordyce, Arkansas. Other sports notables at the funeral included New York Jets quarterback Richard Todd, Jets defensive lineman Marty Lyons, former Dallas Cowboys linebacker Lee Roy Jordan, former Georgia Tech Coach Bobby Dodd, Duke Coach Steve Sloan, former Ohio State Coach Woody Hayes, Florida Coach Charlie Pell, former Arkansas Coach Frank Broyles and Auburn Coach Pat Dye. The Birmingham News. 1983 Press Photo Alabama-Air view of Coach "Bear" Bryant's funeral procession, Alabama-Air view of Coach "Bear" Bryant's funeral procession The Birmingham News, Mae Martin Bryant Tyson, Stella Gray, Anna Laurie, The daughter of Alabama coach Paul "Bear" Bryant, Mae Martin Bryant Tyson, left, and son Paul Bryant Jr., right, attend a memorial service on the campus at Tuscaloosa, Ala., Jan. 27, 1983. 'Well, that's my first name!" "It is a riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma; but perhaps there is a key: That key is Russian national interest.". he man Billy Varner is remembering has very little in common with the Bryant who is beloved by so many Alabama fans. Alabama won the game against the University of Illinois at Urbana?Champaign, 21 to 15. [2] In 1999, he acquired a stake in Harvest Select Catfish Inc., a company which raises catfish in Alabama and Mississippi. The number of people left alive who knew that Paul is small. "[1] He is worth "hundreds of millions of dollars. All his memories are still in there, somewhere, only much of the time he can't translate them into words. If you purchase a product or register for an account through one of the links on our site, we may receive compensation. Rutledge played for Bryant's first team and was an assistant on his last, and when he realized that he would be sharing new information, he clammed up. Bryant has been married for 50 years to UA classmate Cherry Handley Hicks Bryant. "What do you know about the story where Coach Bryant and Billy met?" They made small talk in the car, nothing about the life's work that had just ended. It was a hand-me-down. Paul William Bryant Jr. (born c. 1945) is an American banker, investor and philanthropist from Alabama . Watts has said he, not University of Alabama System trustees made the decision to shut the football program down. I think that's one reason, McNair said, that he has put so much money (in the form of donations) into museums at the university., In 2005, Bryant founded Bryant Bank, which he calls my winding-down project.. He's following me. Somebody comes up to do something to Coach Bryant, they're gonna have to get me first. As Billy's memory fades, that knowledge disappears with it, widening the gulf between truth and imagination. Obviously, I had an advantage in that I had met a lot of business people through my parents when I was in high school and college, in the state and out of state. Bryant Jr. also has clear ties to a federal insurance fraud case that drew a 15-year prison sentence for Allen W. Currently, Bryant is president of the privately held holding company, Greene Group, Inc. which has operated a multi-state business engaged in reinsurance, finance, leasing, par-mutual racing, casino management, cattle ranching, aquaculture, catfish processing and distribution, fuel distribution, outdoor recreation, wildlife management, and concrete/aggregate construction. It's been a good experience and I've made a lot of very close friends on the board, he said. "What's your name?" [13], He is married, and has three daughters. It is the most extensive, single collection of still photographic images documenting Lexington's 20th Century history in existence. This photograph was published on Feb 24th, 1948 (1948-02-24), 1.03-1497.01. It was lowered into an underground vault later. [2] He went on to establish more tracks in Texas (for example in La Marque, Texas), Idaho, and Iowa. "But we have a registration process. [1] His father, Bear Bryant, was an American football player and coach. Thirty years after his last season, Bryant's humanity lives only in his family and a few aging friends, in former employees such as Knowles, in 72-year-old assistant coach-turned-athletic director Mal Moore, and, perhaps most of all, in Billy Varner. Her voice sounds exactly like that of comedienne Wanda Sykes, and Susie, in real life and in the pictures around the house, wears a little smirk, as if she knows something you don't know. She liked Bryant, thought he had a good heart, even if he did almost always call her Sally. What I would suspect, and it's only a suspicion, but I think he wouldn't want people to think he was trading on his father's name. [3][7] He also served on the boards of trustees of the Alabama Heritage Foundation and the Museum of the Confederacy in Richmond, Virginia. We probably don't pump that as much as we should, Bryant said, but we're real proud of that. By 1977, he established GreeneTrack, dog racing track located in Greene County, Alabama,[1] with A. Wayne May, a veterinarian, and Sam Phelps, a lawyer. I'd travel with him to the games. Paul Bryant's dedicated service and leadership have been invaluable to the board of trustees and to the University of Alabama System, Witt said. Sanders Memorial at The University of Alabama honoring alumni who served the Confederacy. Our bank that we've got now, he said, we started to try to be in communities where my family lives and will live and have it kind of be a legacy thing to be involved in the community stuff that your community banks do. I had a little head start on my friends because I didn't get put in the service when I graduated, and a lot of them did that and went on to law school and to graduate school, he said. Bryant, who was born in Birmingham when his mother was living there with her parents while his father was serving in the U.S. Navy during World War II, is a 1966 graduate of UA with a degree in finance. A story last year from Bloomberg News, mostly about his extensive business dealings, shows a man who is worth hundreds of millions of dollars, a fortune gained through a variety of businesses and investments spanning dog and horse racing, the insurance industry, cement making, catfish farming and banking. Billy always walked a few feet in front of Bryant, for reasons he's trying to recall. Paul Bryant, Jr., who traveled with his former K-9 partner Azeem to Ground Zero to search for missing persons shortly after the attacks of . The pallbearers were defensive backs Jeremiah Castille, Jerrill Sprinkle and Tommy Wilcox; quarterbacks Paul Fields and Walter Lewis; linebacker Eddie Lowe; offensive tackle Mike McQueen, offensive tackle, and split end Darryl White. Paul Bryant Jr. loaded his family wife Cherry and daughters Stella Gray (14), Mae Martin (13) and Anna Laurie (10) on his private plane for the trip to Memphis. "So little coming out of it. But that's how it goes with family, and all those people out there today with Papa's name, that's what they are: family. Knowles and Varner cleaned out the real version of this office after Coach died. His nickname stemmed from his having agreed to wrestle a captive bear during a theater promotion when he was 13 years old. This urge to protect, probably born from seeing the Saturday Evening Post erroneously accuse the coach of fixing a game, is also erasing something. The patrolman understood and backed off. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Advance Local. Jack Rutledge asked carefully. As she talks, there's a noise down the hall, a rattle of movement and the thump-thump of a cane on the floor. We give 100 percent around here. He died on Jan. 26, 1983, only a few weeks after his final game on the sideline, the '82 Liberty Bowl. Yes, Bear died, but He is risen. When things happened, and you were there ". That's the number of IDs it would have taken to make the rounds at an invitation-only picnic in Tuscaloosa two weekends ago, before Alabama's home opener versus Arkansas State. He puts a finger over his lips and says, "Shhh." "What do you mean, I didn't play football? His voice ticks up a few notches. Paul W. Bryant's income mostly comes from and basic source is being a successful American businessman. Gov. She was accompanied by her son, Paul Bryant Jr., and daughter, Mae Martin Tyson. A man looks up and he's 76 years old, with memories he can't touch and not much else. "I know I've made this journey," he told a reporter just before his final season. 1983 Press Photo Alabama-Young man gives final salute to Coach "Bear" Bryant. One grandmother introduced her preschool-aged grandson, Hayden Bryant Kennedy, this way: "If I'd had my way, he'd be Nicholas Bryant Kennedy." The John C. Wyatt photographs (LHL) consist of an estimated 2 million unique photographic negatives spanning the years 1939-2001. Coach Bryant died Wednesday. But many mourners wore crimson and white, the colors of the Crimson Tide. And yet they don't, and they almost certainly won't. Kobe Bryant Announces Fourth Daughter on the Way with Wife Vanessa In January, the retired basketball star, 40, rung in the new year with a special announcement featuring a gold, sparkling . Trump avoided . It's certainly not too serious of a process by any stretch, but we really want to know people's stories and give them a chance to share those stories.". Only the sound of one woman sobbing broke the stillness. There are actions that tell of unseen turmoil and doubt, but Bryant is never revealed. nyttksemme sinulle kohdennettuja mainoksia ja sislt kiinnostusprofiileiden perusteella, mitataksemme kohdennettujen mainosten ja sisltjen tehokkuutta. "Billy had a stroke in 1996," she says, "right after he retired. 1; a guy who for years has been hostile to Blazer football out of fear it might one day challenge the thing his iconic father, Paul "Bear" Bryant, raised to the pinnacle of success. Gaps open between the words, and sentences turn staccato. NFL combine Day 2 recap: Which draft prospects are rising? Regularly, he refuses to believe that his old boss isn't at home waiting for a ride. The collection also contains associated newspaper clippings, job sheets, and hand-written photographers' notes. They are retired ones that mostly just get loving, pets.. "Right there with the hat on, in the middle. But I got it. Billy shuffles into the room wearing gray pajamas and black slippers. Behind the casket is present Alabama coach Ray Perkins, his wife Carolyn and son Mike. He poured a drink and chatted with guests. The roots of this bond, like many things with Bryant, are full of mystery, myth and misinformation. Robert Witt has worked with Bryant for the last 10 years, first as UA president and more recently as chancellor of the UA system. So why change the dog's name? Driving through Mississippi one night, they stopped at a catfish house. Each day brings its own reality. Neither his wealth nor his legacy as the son of the man who retired as college football's all-time winningest coach, however, has inclined him to lead a public life. Earlier this month, a retired Alabama assistant coach sat at his kitchen table and gauged how much he could reveal. At home, she keeps the microcassette of the last letter he dictated, the day before he died. Any William needs to be prepared to really make his or her case to be included, but many have successfully done so. (AP Photo). Miss Mae Martin Bryant, daughter of Couch and Mrs. Paul Bryant, gives holiday tea. It follows the changing urban landscape of Lexington, the agricultural, tobacco and horse racing industries, key national events such as World War II and Vietnam, as well as notable regional and national figures. My passion is the dogs, really, he said. "I don't ever talk to him now," Billy says. Getty. Missing in the houndstooth beach balls and paint jobs is a person. It's difficult to understand if you're not from here, but when football isn't doing well it kind of hurts, the whole state is kind of in a funk. TUSCALOOSA, Ala. Paul Bryant Jr., a native of Tuscaloosa, current trustee of The University of Alabama and graduate of the class of 1966, has given another $10 million gift to The University of Alabama, this time to the recently announced Crimson Tradition Fund Campaign for Athletics. When Alabama football is winning, it's just better. Alabama-Fans climb tree to watch "Bear" Bryant's funeral. I'm not much better than other people, but the timing might have been good on some things.. This photograph was published on Feb 24th, 1948 (1948-02-24) Photograph Number: 1.03-1497.01 It's the only time we've put our name on anything. BIRMINGHAM, Ala. -- Eight husky players carried Paul 'Bear' Bryant to his grave under a bare hickory tree and more than 8,000 mourners in two cities said goodbye Friday to the man they called the greatest football coach who ever lived. Facebook gives people the power. Accessed March 4, 2023. https://lhlphotoarchive.org/ark:/16417/th71m0q2fr6vl, Researchers are required to have an SCRC Researcher Account in order to request or order digital copies of materials. He is survived by his wife Sylvia Mohamed-Bryant, parents Paul Dean Bryant Sr.. Later that night, she'd get the inevitable call. [1][2], Bryant graduated from the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa, Alabama with a degree in Commerce in 1966. ", These are the stories she can tell. Like his boss before him, Billy Varner has come to the place where he must consider what he did with his time. Bryant, at the time less well-known, lived in the historic Redmont home shortly after he married Mary Harmon in June 1935. That's the man I'll always remember.". The local paper interviewed him, and Billy cried. It happens slowly but clearly. Being unable to play football, he said, would have made it impossible for him to have the standing to coach the game. "That looks like him over there," Billy says. ", There were also no Sabans at the reunion. When Paul took his grandson fishing, Billy came along. For all his business success, Bryant said in the interview that as a young man he had wanted to follow his father into coaching. She answers for him when he seems lost. [2] He also served as general manager of minor league baseball's Birmingham Barons. Without sounding too hokey, that's why we started the bank.. Some images' dates are unknown and cannot be searched by date. Dr. A's weekly risers and fallers: Jeremy Sochan, Christian Wood make the list. Whatever order was brought on by the photographs disappears. Coach was at Jimmy Hinton's house and didn't feel well. "We had a dog named Bear as a puppy, but then we changed it to Bryant," confessed a family from Huntsville that also has two human Bryants on the roster. John C. Wyatt established and maintained the collection's original organizational scheme. Most afternoons, Bryant would slip into the bar and play cards with friends. Look at the UA System Trustees website and you will see the names of 15 permanent trustees, but only 14 photos. He looks back at the Liberty Bowl photograph. She was accompanied by her son, Paul Bryant Jr., and daughter, Mae Martin Tyson. Bryant said he was invited by the board members to fill the vacant seat. ", As Chase Bryant's father nodded proudly, another teen, Bryant Wilson, shouted "Same! His voice might be what affects her most. * This list only holds up to 10 photographs. A lot of them we've got don't hunt because they're older. Sometimes they didn't. Sometimes they talked. In 1937, the owner of the Leader, John G. Stoll, bought the Herald, and both daily papers were published concurrently (the Herald in the morning and the Leader in the afternoon) for the next 46 years. You want a window into Bear Bryant's power in the state of Alabama? I walked in front of him. Bryant's son, Paul Bryant Jr., remembers his father's birthday more than the anniversary of his death, but for most Alabama fans, everything changed "the day Bear Bryant died." There's even a song . All he has to show for two decades of service are his memories, and even those often hang just out of reach. Paul W. Bryant Jr. was running a minor league baseball team before he was 25 years old. He never talked about the private things he'd seen. I think he wanted to be his own man, McNair said. Former President Donald Trump Saturday insisted his former secretary of state was not taking a dig at him when Mike Pompeo warned conservatives against following 'celebrity leaders'. (AP Photo). Paul, who rode in a mule-drawn cart from Moro Bottom, Ark., and in the back of Billy Varner's crimson Buick LeSabre, struggled, season after season. The sound gets louder. It's a deification. Today his memories seem to orbit around the idea of protecting Bryant from some unseen enemy. My dad wanted to set me on the right path as soon as I was born! Sitting with Paul Murray was his cousin, Mary Harmon Hilburn, granddaughter of Bear. kehittksemme ja parantaaksemme palveluitamme sek tuotteitamme. Perhaps more interesting, calls, emails and text messages to other trustees, senior UA system officials, and business associates seeking conversations about Bryant also went unanswered. Not yet anyway. Because of the overflow crowd, the service also was piped into the nearby First Baptist Church, which seated 1,300, and the Presbyterian Church, which accommodates 600. "We knew he'd been offered a lot of money to write a book or help make a movie," says Linda Knowles, Bryant's longtime secretary, "and he would have none of that. Voit muokata valintojasi milloin tahansa napsauttamalla tietosuojan hallintapaneelin linkki sivustoissamme ja sovelluksissamme. In 1977, Bryant opened GreeneTrack, a dog racing track in Greene County. Simply stated, Paul Bryant cares deeply for the university.. Members of the 1982 football team carry the casket of Alabama football coach Paul "Bear" Bryant from the Tuscaloosa First Methodist Church in Tuscaloosa, Ala., Friday, Jan. 29, 1983. You miss a lot of things you shouldn't miss.". Not unlike the lawn outside at the reunion, where the Pauls and Paulas and Bryants ate crimson-colored snow cones and craned their necks to read each other's nametags. They greet one another by saying "Doctor " "Doctor " "Doctor " "Doctor " in a round-robin introduction that ends up with the title being used 24 times. "I met a lot of business people through my parents," Bryant told Bloomberg, acknowledging the obvious connections his famous name brought. It's lunchtime. re: Help me understand the power of Paul Bryant, Jr. Posted on 12/2/14 at 9:47 pm to weagle99. "I'm not sure I've enjoyed all of it. His eyes get wide. Bryant, who won 323 games in his 38 seasons -- more than any other college coach -- died Wednesday of a heart attack only 28 days after retiring. Early life and family background. Mrs. Bryant was dressed in a simple black dress and veil. [2] He serves as its chairman.[6]. She sits down and tells the story her husband can no longer tell. On the wall, there's a candid shot of Paul and Billy in what looks like a living room. In 2012, Bryant Bank was awarded the Revitalizing Your Community Award by the American Bankers Association, in large part for the bank's work after the April 27, 2011, tornado that devastated the community. It is unknown how much, if any, of his money has gone to UAB over the years, although it is common place for many of the board's wealthier members to give substantial gifts to all three schools in the system. He got his bartender a badge and a gun. Paul started reading a devotional in the final two years of his life that said, in part, "When tomorrow comes, this day will be gone forever, leaving something in its place I have traded for it.". "He won't make it without coaching.". Lexington (Ky.) -- Politics and government. John C. Wyatt Lexington Herald-Leader photographs, https://lhlphotoarchive.org/ark:/16417/th71m0q2fr6vl, This item is 1 of 3716 items in the series ". Conduct JAR & JAD sessions with the user community in terms of the submissions of process flows and data structures for respective C++ technical programmers and ICASE practitioners.